Friends, today we will talk about such an issue which is very important for everyone to know. Because we should know that there is an election process in our country, you must have seen the election of the Prime Minister and Chief Minister. You would know that the public elects a Prime Minister and a Chief Minister by their direct vote.
But do you know How is the President elected in India, who elects the President, who can vote for the President, friends, today we will know how the President is elected in India?
Who is the President?
In our country, the President is the first citizen of the country. And along with that, there is also the head of the government. And there are heads of all three armies. The President is the appointee of the land and air forces.
The government has to make any new law or pass a bill, it cannot happen without the consent of the President. Even if the government passes a bill in the Rajya Sabha or the Lok Sabha, if the President does not sign it, it does not become law.
Who can vote for the President?
Friends, most people do not know how is the election of the President in our country. Actually, there are two types of elections in our country.
- Direct:- The country’s people elect their representatives by voting. In our country, the Prime Minister and the Chief Minister are elected by the public only by voting.
- Indirect:– Through this, the election of the President is done, indirect election means the public does not vote but is voted by the representative chosen by us. In which the members of the Legislative Assemblies of all the states along with Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha vote. And on the basis of their vote, the President is elected.
How is the President elected in India?
Friends, by now you have come to know that the election of the President is not done directly by the vote of the public. Rather our elected representatives elect the President. And they also vote. Now let’s understand it in simple language, for the election of the President, the members of both the Houses i.e. the Parliament do it.
Now consider it like this Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha, there are 543 MPs in Lok Sabha and 233 MPs in Rajya Sabha. Although Rajya Sabha also has 12 nominated members, they cannot vote for it. Apart from this, the members of the states which have Legislative Council also do not vote in it.
Now let’s talk about the members of the State Legislative Assemblies, in fact, in addition to the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha, the members of the Legislative Assemblies of all the states also vote. Remember this thing here, assembly means the states which have full state status, and only the members of those assemblies are being mentioned.
If we look at the total number of members of the Vidhansabha of the country, then this Vidhansabha is 4033. Now if we add the members of Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha, and Vidhansabha, then there are 543 members in Lok Sabha, 233 in Rajya Sabha, and 4033 in Vidhansabha. If it is added to all, then the total number of members is 4809. That is, a total of 4809 members vote in the presidential election.
But the origin of the vote of these members is different, that is, the origin of the members of Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha, and Vidhansabha are different. Before extracting the value of the members of Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha, we have to extract the value of the votes of the members of the Legislative Assembly of the states, only then you will be able to extract the value of the members of Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha.
First of all, the value of the vote of the members of the Legislative Assemblies of the states is taken out. The way to extract it is to calculate it according to the population of the state, that is, divide the population of the Rajya Sabha by the number of members of the Legislative Assembly, then divide the number that comes after that by 1000, after that the value that comes The vote of an MLA has value.
Let us tell you here that since the population of each state is different, therefore the vote value of the member of the assembly of each state is different. Like, take Uttar Pradesh as an example, here the value of the vote of an MLA is 208. Wherein the value of the vote of an MLA of Maharashtra is 175. If we talk about Arunachal Pradesh, then the value of the vote of an MLA here is 8.
Similarly, looking at the total number of MLAs in our country and the value of their votes, the total number of MLAs is 4033. So the value of total votes is 5,43,231. So the value of votes of total MLAs is 543231.
Now let’s take out the value of votes of Rajya Sabha and Lok Sabha, the method of taking it out is also different. First, let’s understand how to calculate the value of an MP’s vote.
Dividing the value of the vote of MLAs by the number of members of both the Houses i.e. Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha, the number that comes out is the same as the value of the vote of an MP, like the value of the vote of a total MLA is 543231, while the total number of MP is 776. Now both of them have to be divided, on dividing it the number comes to 700, so in this way, the value of the vote of an MP is 700.
Now if you want to calculate the vote value of all the MPs, then you multiply the total number of MPs by the vote value of one MP i.e. 700. The number that comes out after multiplying it is 543200. Now the value of the votes of MP and MLAs has to be added, that is the real number. On adding the numbers of both, the value of total votes comes out to be 1086431.
Now as you know in a democracy one has to get at least 50% more than 1 number to win. That is, at least 543216 votes are required for the candidate to win. That is, whoever gets so many votes will be the next President of the country.
What is the qualification to become the President?
- The age of the candidate should be more than 35 years.
- A candidate needs 50 proposers and 50 seconders.
- The candidate has to deposit Rs 15000 as security.
Who has held the post of President in India so far?
So far 14 Presidents have been formed in India, at present the election of the 15th President is going to be held which will be held in July 2022. The first President of India, Dr. Rajendra Prasad, was elected on 26 January 1950. Now let us talk about the total President of India.
| Sr. No | Name of the president | Assumed Office | Left Office |
| 1 | Rajendra Prasad | 26 May 1950 | 31 May 1962 |
| 2 | Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan | 13 May 1962 | 13 May 1967 |
| 3 | Zakir Hussain | 13 May 1967 | 3 May 1969 |
| – | V. V. Giri | 3 May 1969 | 20 July 1969 |
| – | Mohammad Hidayatullah | 20 July 1969 | 24 August 1969 |
| 4 | V. V. Giri | 24 August 1969 | 24 August 1974 |
| 5 | Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed | 24 August 1974 | 11 February 1977 |
| – | B. D. Jatti | 11 February 1977 | 25 July 1977 |
| 6 | Neelam Sanjiva Reddy | 25 July 1977 | 25 July 1982 |
| 7 | Zail Singh | 25 July 1982 | 25 July 1987 |
| 8 | Ramaswamy Venkataraman | 25 July 1987 | 25 July 1992 |
| 9 | Shankar Dayal Sharma | 25 July 1992 | 25 July 1997 |
| 10 | K. R. Narayanan | 25 July 1997 | 25 July 2002 |
| 11 | A. P. J. Abdul Kalam | 25 July 2002 | 25 July 2007 |
| 12 | Pratibha Patil | 25 July 2007 | 25 July 2012 |
| 13 | Pranab Mukherjee | 25 July 2012 | 25 July 2017 |
| 14 | Ram Nath Kovind | 25 July 2017 | 25 July 2022 |
Conclusion:-
So friends, in this article we told How is the President elected in India, who is the President, who can vote for the President, and what should be the qualification to become the President. The answers to all these questions have been explained in detail.
